World's First Tidal-Powered Lagoon Could be Coming to Swansea Bay
位置:英国
分类:滨水
内容:设计方案
图片:5张
景观面积:11500平方米
景观时间:预计2015年动工,2017年完工
图片来源: Kevin Lee
靠近南威尔士海岸处,斯旺西海湾建立了一个巨大的海堤,可利用海洋潮汐能发电满足超过10万户家庭的使用需求。几周前,一个总投资额6.5亿英镑的项目获得了全面公众支持被提上日程,预计2017年完工。该10公里长的海堤将成为世界首个潮汐泻湖,并将环绕斯旺西海湾形成一个马蹄形的屏障。巨大的沿海结构将捕获11平方公里的海水在海平面上升和下降过程中产生的14万千瓦电力,每年则可生产25太瓦的能量。
从技术上讲,利用潮汐能源可追溯到公元7世纪的欧洲。潮汐池可以通过将海堤内侧的潮水与水闸分离产生涡轮来获得能量。涨潮时海堤打开,水会通过闸门充满池子,退潮时,海堤将再次打开,将水释放到海里以产生更多的电能。
据项目工程师介绍,斯旺西海湾泻湖可以每天至少四次从大海潮汐中产生能量。在不久的将来,泻湖甚至可以分为独立的水池来满足发电需求,正如今天的蓄电站。当然,利用水发电最大的优势在于实现了碳的零排放。
然而潮汐泻湖的建设也必定要权衡再三。首先,环海岸建立海堤必然会对自然景观造成干扰。 建造海堤会破坏海床的完整性,同时切断了海水的自然流向,可能造成潮间带栖息地的丧失,并导致13种鸟类数量的急剧减少。
译者: 饭团小组
A massive sea wall built around Swansea Bay, near the South Wales coast, could harness the power of sea tides to provide power to over 100,000 homes. A few weeks ago an environmental assessment of the £650 million ($1.6 billion) project was completed with full public support putting it on track for a completion date sometime in 2017. The 10 kilometer (6.2 mile) long sea wall is designed to be the world’s first tidal lagoon that will completely surround the Swansea Bay with a horseshoe shaped barrier. The colossal coastal structure will capture 11km2 of water as the seas rise and fall to generate 14 gigawatts of electricity and produce 25 terawatt hours of energy each year.
Technically speaking, the idea of harnessing sea tides for their energy actually dates back to 7th century Europe. The tidal wall can capture energy by placing a tide pool inside of the sea wall and separating it with sluice gates as well as an energy-generating turbine. When the seawall opens up during high tide, water will pass through the open sluice gate and turn the turbine as water fills the tide pool. Meanwhile, at low tide the sea wall will open again to release water back into the sea to generate even more electricity.
According to project engineers, the Swansea Bay tidal lagoon will be able to generate energy from the sea’s tides at least four times a day. In the future, lagoons could even be divided into separate pools to generate power on demand, much like pumped storage hydro plants do today. Of course, the best part of using the water to generate electricity is it does not produce any carbon emissions whatsoever.
That said the tidal lagoon won’t be without its trade offs. For one thing, having a sea wall wrap around the coast will have a huge impact on the natural landscape. Building a sea wall will destroy part of the seabed, while cutting off the area from the natural sea could cause a loss of the estuary’s intertidal habitat and lead to significant declines in 13 bird species.
潮汐供电泻湖外部环境图
潮汐供电泻湖效果图
潮汐供电泻湖效果图
潮汐供电泻湖效果图
潮汐供电泻湖外部环境图
潮汐供电泻湖效果图
潮汐供电泻湖效果图
潮汐供电泻湖效果图
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